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Solana

TAKE-AWAY:

  • Solana stat dashboard: https://solanabeach.io/
  • Solana sẽ là #1 blockchain in the planet. Nó sẽ vượt qua mặt cả BTC và Ethereum
    • Solana is faster than Ethereum, processing 50,000 transactions per second or more compared to Ethereum’s 15 to 45 TPS rate
    • Các dự án mới chọn phát triển trên Solana
    • Các dự án cũ đang migrate sang Solana
    • Chi phí chạy trên Ethereum ngày càng đắt đỏ
    • Các bridge phát triển để kết nối từ Ethereum và các blockchain khác sang Solana
      • Today, the leading cross-chain bridges allow Ethereum users to migrate ERC-20 tokens to other networks.
    • Solana sẽ vượt qua giá của Ethereum
    • Solana is a great long-term investment
  • There are tons of applications and users on Solana; it’s achieved far more real-world relevancy than meme tokens such as Dogecoin or Safemoon. Solana is worth taking seriously, and if it sells off further due to its technical problems, traders should consider buying the dip
  • Stablecoins work like a savings account.
    • Khi cần có thể chuyển đổi các crypto sang stablecoin để lưu giữ giá trị

Stakes

Stablecoin

  • GREAT article: https://www.coindesk.com/tech/2021/07/06/the-quest-for-a-truly-decentralized-stablecoin/
  • The cryptocurrency industry won’t stop trying to make a purely algorithmic stablecoin work
  • The dollar was once basically a stablecoin tied to gold, and that worked well as the greenback was establishing itself as an asset
  • But in time the American economy got so much bigger that it needed more flexibility than the gold standard afforded.
  • The crypto economy will also outgrow a collateral obligation eventually
  • An algorithmic stablecoin is one that can keep its peg using only software and rules. If one ever works, it could scale infinitely, to whatever size an economy needs.
  • “To create USDC you need USD in the bank, and that works well if you’re just starting out,” Tan said. “What comes after, it’s the right kind of monetary policy that allows stability and low volatility to allow people to trade … if we can do that with math and we can do that with monetary policy, that’s more efficient.”
  • Without stablecoins, there would have been no decentralized finance (DeFi) booms, which means there probably would have also been no non-fungible token (NFT) boom. Stablecoins have been table stakes for what the industry has achieved so far.
  • And the crypto industry largely agrees that some set of stablecoins will have a very bright future.
    • “I think stablecoins will replace the eurodollar market completely,” said Tushar Jain of Multicoin Capital.
  • The main feature of a Stablecoin is that its value will remain stable even after five years, and this will ease losses with a significant drop in the market.
  • Another way to earn money through stablecoins is by lending them out to borrowers.

History

  • Stablecoin history begins with Tether, which runs USDT. Originally known as Realcoin, it began in October 2014.
  • Tether’s model was always simple: It promised that for every USDT there would be an actual redeemable dollar in the bank somewhere.
    • First, Tether has shifted its collateral mix but still claims to be fully backed.
    • Second, it remains by far the dominant stablecoin in the market, the third-largest cryptocurrency overall, and has a market cap of $64 billion as of this writing.
    • Third, sentiment around Tether in crypto has changed. Where once it met widespread skepticism, now it is treated as one of the “too big to fail” pillars of the crypto economy.
  • The culture definitely has shifted, mainly due to the continuous existence of Tether and the support of Tether by large institutional traders
  • Tether’s first-mover advantage has paid off handsomely, but their dominance probably won’t last forever as more stablecoins start coming onto the scene
  • Over-collateralized but more decentralized stablecoins, such as MakerDAO’s DAI. DAI began as a stablecoin collateralized only with ETH, the cryptocurrency that runs the smart contract chain Ethereum.
  • The next phase, Hoang says, is meta-stablecoins. These are stablecoins that exist in smart contracts that are making use of them and give depositors tokens that account for their deposits. These meta-stablecoins have unique properties, either growing in value or growing in quantity based on the success of the deposit.
  • So DAI deposited in Compound becomes cDAI, which earns the interest on that deposit. Or any of several stablecoins deposited onto the automated market maker Curve, in its yCRV pool. Such deposits become yCRV tokens.

UST

  • UST is the Terraform Labs stablecoin that tracks the U.S. dollar price. Built on a Tendermint-based blockchain, UST has bridged its way to Ethereum and Solana already.
  • UST is a purely algorithmic product. It has a small base of users in e-commerce in Southeast Asia plus it has moved strongly into DeFi with savings and synthetic assets products.

Considerations

  • “I think tether and USDC is great, but if you build crypto apps on top of assets that can be regulated, and I think as they get larger they are sure to get regulated, then it holds DeFi hostage,” said Do Kwon, Terraform Labs’ CEO. “The only way you can solve this is if you come up with a truly decentralized and unbiased form of money.”
  • AMPL has a strong future as a truly decentralized asset to borrow. As that market shapes up, he said, AMPL’s stability should improve and time will prove Ampleforth’s one-token thesis to be right.
    • Crypto insiders have long complained that everyone holding dollars is invisibly losing money each day, so this is Ampleforth’s solution. “You just want a stable unit of account,” Kuo said. “One of the benefits of a purely algorithmic approach is you can do that.”

Solana and stablecoin

  • (???) Solana sẽ có stablecoin dùng để tính chi phí cho các transaction, bảo đảm chi phí luôn rẻ và không bị biến động
  • UXD Raises $3M to Bring Algorithmic Stablecoins to Solana. The team behind the interest-generating UXD is backed by Multicoin Capital, Alameda Research and the Solana Foundation.
  • UXD Protocol, an algorithmic stablecoin that automatically generates interest and is minted on the Solana blockchain, has raised $3 million in seed funding led by Multicoin Capital.
  • UXD, which announced Thursday that it’s launching into testnet phase, is also backed by Alameda Research, Defiance Capital, CMS Holdings, Solana Foundation, Mercurial Finance, Solana founders Anatoly Yakovenko and Raj Gokal and Saber founder Dylan Macalinao.
  • The $120 billion stablecoin market is beset by opaque asset backing, a reliance on centralized banking and capital inefficient methods, making the quest for a fully decentralized and highly scalable “algocoin” something of a Holy Grail.
  • UXD claims to be the first to be backed by delta-neutral positions, a hedging strategy from portfolio management that uses multiple positions with balancing positive and negative deltas

Crypto problems to solve

  • A stablecoin that scales infinitely is a very enticing problem to solve, but the last year has been unkind to the approach; several have tried. And yet, entrepreneurs are not giving up.

Briges

REF: https://cryptobriefing.com/the-top-bridges-interoperability-with-ethereum/

  • Bridges are permissionless applications that allow users to send tokens and arbitrary data between blockchain networks. By deploying bridge connections, various competing or complementary networks have attempted to capture a portion of the value generated on Ethereum
  • Ethereum bridges offer a way to send assets to EVM-compatible networks like Binance Smart Chain, Avalanche, and Fantom, as well as non-EVM-compatible networks like Solana and Terra. Ethereum Layer 2 solutions and sidechains also boast interoperability with Ethereum via several bridges.
  • To bridge tokens from Ethereum to other networks, users deposit assets into a bridge contract deployed on Ethereum mainnet. The same amount of the asset is then minted on the other network. The tokens get burned when the assets are moved back to mainnet, and are then made available on the network.
  • In theory, all Layer 1 and Layer 2 networks could have a mechanism to send and receive assets from Ethereum to other networks. Sending funds to an EVM-compatible network is a simpler process; users can connect through an Ethereum-based wallet like MetaMask.
  • When migrating Ethereum-native assets to a non-EVM-compatible chain like Solana, the bridge connecting the two networks uses two different wallet addresses and token standards. This means that users have to connect both an Ethereum and Solana-compatible wallet, such as MetaMask and Phantom.

Solana Bridges: Wormhole, Sollet and Allbridge

Solana is arguably the strongest competition to Ethereum’s dominance today. Solana is faster and cheaper than Avalanche, with block times of around half a second. Those who want to send ERC-20 tokens to Solana can use two primary bridges: Sollet and Wormhole.

Tokens sent from Ethereum to Solana are wrapped and minted to the SPL token standard via Wormhole and Sollet, which allows them to be used across Solana dApps.

It’s worth noting that tokens that bridge to Solana using Sollet or Wormhole will not be compatible with each other because Sollet-wrapped tokens are different from Wormhole-wrapped versions of the same ERC-20 tokens.

Wormhole is the more popular of the two bridges. Unlike Sollet, it also lets users transfer NFT tokens, whether they were minted as an ERC-721 token on Ethereum or an SPL token on Solana. While the two bridges charge less than a cent for a single cross-chain transaction, Ethereum gas fees are significantly higher.

News

  • At the same time, news also broke yesterday that an on-chain asset management protocol built on the Solana blockchain known as Synchrony has raised USD 4.2m in funding from investors, including Sanctor Capital, Wintermute Trading, and GBV Capital. The funding will mainly go towards further development of the protocol’s configurable indices for decentralized finance, while some of it will also be directed towards marketing efforts.
  • Additionally, on October 20, Solana announced that UST is coming to Solana DeFi through Wormhole, the cross-chain interoperability protocol that connects high-value blockchain networks.
  • On the same day, OKEx announced the deposit and withdrawal service for USDT and USDC through the Solana network.